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The TikTok Precedent
The Irish Data Protection Commission's May 2025 fine of €530 million against TikTok for transferring European Economic Area user data to China established an enforcement precedent that extends beyond social media companies. The DPC's finding: TikTok violated GDPR Article 46(1) by transferring personal data to a third country — China — without adequate safeguards. The transfer was the violation, not the data collection or processing that followed.
The precedent's sc...